Data warehouses for small business buyers
Asked as “cloud data warehouse”, and as “analytical data warehouse platform”, on behalf of a small B2B company. 59 first choices recorded across the direct, paraphrase, budget and scale prompts, fourteen models each.
Standing · first-choice share
69%
Clear leader
69Google BigQuery20Snowflake03Amazon Redshift07others
69% of first choices, clear leader.
Since October 2026▲+6Since October 2026: 63% → 69%, +6 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.Google BigQuery held the lead, +6 points on 63%, inside the 11-point floor.
By buyer segment
The same question asked on behalf of a different buyer. Each standing is computed within its segment; they sit side by side and are never added together.
Small business
Google BigQuery69%Clear leader▲+6Since October 2026: 63% → 69%, +6 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.This pageMid-market
Snowflake62%Clear leader▲+13Since October 2026: 49% → 62%, +13 points. Past the 11-point floor: movement.Standing →EnterpriseSnowflake70%Clear leader▲+8Since October 2026: 62% → 70%, +8 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.Standing →
Google BigQuery69%Clear leader▲+6Since October 2026: 63% → 69%, +6 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.This pageMid-marketSnowflake62%Clear leader▲+13Since October 2026: 49% → 62%, +13 points. Past the 11-point floor: movement.Standing →EnterpriseSnowflake70%Clear leader▲+8Since October 2026: 62% → 70%, +8 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.Standing →The standing
Share is the count of first choices across the direct, paraphrase, budget and scale prompts, over all fourteen models, for a small B2B company. Ordered by share.
ProductFirst-choice shareNegative rateLabelsQuadrantSince October 2026
01Google BigQuery Lab in the set69%12%81endorsed leader▲+6Since October 2026: 63% → 69%, +6 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.63% → 69%
Google BigQuery Lab in the set69%12%81endorsed leader▲+6Since October 2026: 63% → 69%, +6 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.63% → 69%02Snowflake20%33%78criticized challenger▼−4Since October 2026: 24% → 20%, −4 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.24% → 20%
Snowflake20%33%78criticized challenger▼−4Since October 2026: 24% → 20%, −4 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.24% → 20%03
Amazon Redshift3%22%80accepted challenger▼−2Since October 2026: 5% → 3%, −2 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.5% → 3%
Amazon Redshift3%22%80accepted challenger▼−2Since October 2026: 5% → 3%, −2 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.5% → 3%04
MotherDuck3%8%25accepted challenger▼−2Since October 2026: 5% → 3%, −2 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.5% → 3%
MotherDuck3%8%25accepted challenger▼−2Since October 2026: 5% → 3%, −2 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.5% → 3%05
ClickHouse Cloud2%19%21accepted challenger▲+2Since October 2026: 0% → 2%, +2 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.0% → 2%
ClickHouse Cloud2%19%21accepted challenger▲+2Since October 2026: 0% → 2%, +2 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.0% → 2%06
DuckDB2%10%10accepted challenger=heldSince October 2026: 2% → 2%, ±0 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.2% → 2%
DuckDB2%10%10accepted challenger=heldSince October 2026: 2% → 2%, ±0 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.2% → 2%Show the four products at 0%, ordered by negative rate
10
Azure Synapse Analytics0%50%12criticized challenger=heldSince October 2026: 0% → 0%, ±0 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.0% → 0%
Azure Synapse Analytics0%50%12criticized challenger=heldSince October 2026: 0% → 0%, ±0 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.0% → 0%09
Databricks SQL0%41%39criticized challenger=heldSince October 2026: 0% → 0%, ±0 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.0% → 0%
Databricks SQL0%41%39criticized challenger=heldSince October 2026: 0% → 0%, ±0 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.0% → 0%07Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse0%12%16accepted challenger=heldSince October 2026: 0% → 0%, ±0 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.0% → 0%
08
PostgreSQL0%0%11accepted challenger=heldSince October 2026: 0% → 0%, ±0 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.0% → 0%
PostgreSQL0%0%11accepted challenger=heldSince October 2026: 0% → 0%, ±0 points. Inside the 11-point floor: within noise.0% → 0%The floor is 11 points of share, measured: how far the models move a leader on their own when the same questions are asked twice with nothing changed. A larger change is movement; a smaller one can't be told apart from repeat variation, and both are shown. Each index measures its own floor from its own repeat, over its own categories, so the floor differs from one index to the next. Both editions asked the same fourteen models. How the floor is measured
Bars are the share of first choices, 0 to 100Every product with at least 10 labels here. Every product name links to its product page.
Google BigQuery is made by Google, whose model Gemini 3.5 Flash is in the set. On the four share prompts that model made it the first choice four times of 4; the other thirteen models thirty-seven times of 52. Lab treatment is defined on the method page; the row is marked, not excluded.
For buyers
Head to headHead-to-head pages are published for mid-market buyers, so these open on mid-market figures, not small business.
One product takes 69% of first choices here, so the chart would put nine markers in one corner and one at the far edge. The two measurements it plots are columns in the standing above: share, and the negative label rate. Three products carry a negative rate above 25% in this category.
What they warned about
Ten of fourteen models held their first choice under the paraphrase. GPT-5.4 mini, Qwen 3.7 Flash, GLM 4.7 FlashX and Muse Glimmer 30B changed. A high negative share on a product with few labels is a warning. A low share on a product with many labels is salience, not sentiment.
Snowflake33%
26 of 78 labels negative · 14 of 14 models · 5 hard negative
“What to Avoid on a Tight Budget - Snowflake — Its credit-based pricing with 60-second minimums and high entry floors can produce surprisingly large bills” DeepSeek V4 Flash, budget prompt
Amazon Redshift22%
18 of 80 labels negative · 13 of 14 models · 4 hard negative
“Why to avoid: Redshift *Provisioned* requires you to pay for nodes 24/7 regardless of whether you are running queries.” Gemini 3.5 Flash, negative prompt
Databricks SQL41%
16 of 39 labels negative · 10 of 14 models · 7 hard negative
“Why to avoid (for basic analytics): Databricks is an exceptional platform for data science, machine learning, and massive data engineering teams” Gemini 3.5 Flash, negative prompt
Google BigQuery12%
10 of 81 labels negative · 10 of 14 models
“Why to be cautious: BigQuery uses an on-demand, pay-per-query billing model based on the amount of data scanned” Gemini 3.5 Flash, negative prompt
What they cite
Fourteen of the fourteen models returned a source list in this edition: five return the pages they cited and nine the search results they consulted.
Sites the answers cite
67 of 84 answers in this category came back with a source list, from 13 of 14 models: citations where the model returns them, or the search results it consulted. 676 links across 150 sites, every framing counted. Ranked by the number of answers carrying the site or page. The other 1 model searched through a gateway that returned no source list on this edition. 30 of the 252 answers across every segment cited this index's own page for the category; the method page measures whether that reading tilts an answer.
vendor site · G231 answers · 37 citations · 10 models
23 answers · 25 citations · 8 models
21 answers · 43 citations · 8 models
vendor site · Fivetran19 answers · 20 citations · 9 models
vendor site · Tinybird19 answers · 19 citations · 9 models
vendor site · Atlan18 answers · 19 citations · 6 models
17 answers · 17 citations · 5 models
vendor site · MotherDuck16 answers · 36 citations · 8 models
14 answers · 18 citations · 8 models
vendor site · Google13 answers · 16 citations · 6 models
13 answers · 14 citations · 8 models
publisher (Gane)13 answers · 13 citations · 7 models
Pages the answers cite
The ten pages named in the most answers, by full address. A page here is one the models returned with a recommendation, not one the index endorses.
30 answers · 10 models
19 answers · 8 models
19 answers · 9 models
18 answers · 6 models
16 answers · 5 models
14 answers · 6 models
13 answers · 8 models
13 answers · 8 models
12 answers · 7 models
12 answers · 7 models
Search against answers
Each company's standing in the answers beside its site's footprint in Google search, one row a site: the products the models named on it with their shares, and the share they add up to; monthly searches on Google, and DataForSEO's estimate of AI search demand (modeled from search signals, directional, not a count of queries to any assistant), for the most-searched of the company's and its products' names (the name is in each row's hover text); estimated monthly organic visits to the site; and its best position in Google's top ten for “best cloud data warehouse”, “cloud data warehouse”, “cloud data warehouses”. US estimates from DataForSEO and Google's Ads Transparency Center. A small company's site, or a mid-sized company's site for its flagship, is marked company; a product on a large parent's site (Google, Microsoft) has no site figures. A column with no figures for this category is left out, and an empty cell means none were seen, not none exist. Two measurements side by side: neither is read as the cause of the other.
| Company and products | Share | Own site cited | Name searches, Google | AI search demand, est. | Organic visits | Paid search a month, est. | Google ads, last 30 days | Best Google position |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Google BigQuery cloud.google.com | 69% | 224 | 8,100 | 359 | 7,405,347 | |||
| Snowflake snowflake.com | 20% | 226 | 368,000 | 37,077 | 718,749 | 118 | ||
| Amazon aws.amazon.com Amazon Redshift 3%, Amazon Athena 0%, Amazon Aurora 0%, Amazon RDS 0% | 3% | 193 | 151,000,000 | 1,380,939 | 9,238,321 | $20,476 | ||
| MotherDuck motherduck.com | 3% | 29 | 5,400 | 66 | 22,212 | 30 | ||
| ClickHouse Cloud clickhouse.com | 2% | 168 | 1,000 | 15 | 43,805 | 47 | 3 | |
| DuckDB duckdb.org | 2% | 12 | 18,100 | 686 | 15,468 | |||
| Microsoft parent site Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse 0%, Microsoft Fabric / Synapse 0% | 0% | 63 | 2,240,000 | 403,136 | ||||
| PostgreSQL postgresql.org PostgreSQL 0%, PostgreSQL plus Metabase 0% | 0% | 77 | 74,000 | 14,143 | 465,585 | |||
| Firebolt firebolt.io | 0% | 17 | 4,400 | 923 | 6,620 | 0 | ||
| Tinybird tinybird.co | 0% | 8 |
Google's top ten for the three searches hold 21 sites; 2 of them are among the sites the models cited here (clickhouse.com, reddit.com). The first result for “best cloud data warehouse” is reddit.com.
How they answered
Six framings of the same buying question, each sent to every model in a fresh session with search on. One row per model, so a row shows whether it held its answer under rewording, what it named when cost was the constraint, and what it argued against. Computed from the raw judge labels.ShowHide
How they answered
Six framings of the same buying question, each sent to every model in a fresh session with search on. One row per model, so a row shows whether it held its answer under rewording, what it named when cost was the constraint, and what it argued against. Computed from the raw judge labels.
ShowHideModelDirect“What is the best cloud data warehouse for a small B2B company?”Paraphrase“Which analytical data warehouse platform would you recommend to a small business that sells to other businesses?”Comparative“What are the top cloud data warehouses for a small team and how do they differ?”Budget-constrained“What is the best cloud data warehouse for a small company with a tight budget?”Scale-constrained“We are a 30 person company evaluating a cloud data warehouse. What should we look at?”Negative“Which cloud data warehouses should a small business avoid or be cautious about?”
Claude Haiku 4.5Google BigQuery, SnowflakeGoogle BigQuery, SnowflakeHeldGoogle BigQuery, SnowflakeGoogle BigQueryagainst: Snowflakeno first choiceagainst: SQL DB, Snowflake
Three alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Azure Synapse Analytics, Databricks SQLThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Databricks SQL, Microsoft Fabric Data WarehouseTwo alternatives
MotherDuck, PanoplyTwo alternatives
Amazon Redshift Spectrum, DuckDBGPT-5.4 miniGoogle BigQueryagainst: SnowflakeSnowflakeChangedGoogle BigQueryAmazon Redshift, Google BigQueryagainst: Databricks SQL, SnowflakeSnowflakeagainst: Amazon Redshiftagainst: Amazon Redshift, Databricks SQL warehouses, Google BigQuery, Snowflake
One alternative
Amazon RedshiftThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Databricks SQL, Google BigQueryThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Databricks SQL, SnowflakeOne alternative
Microsoft Fabric Data WarehouseTwo alternatives
Databricks SQL, Google BigQueryGemini 3.5 FlashGoogle BigQueryGoogle BigQueryHeldSnowflakeGoogle BigQuery, MotherDuckagainst: SnowflakeGoogle BigQuery, Snowflakeagainst: Amazon Redshift, Azure Synapse Analytics, Databricks SQL, Google BigQuery, Oracle Autonomous Data Warehouse, Snowflake, Teradata Vantage
Four alternatives
Amazon Redshift, MotherDuck, PostgreSQL, SnowflakeTwo alternatives
MotherDuck, SnowflakeFour alternatives
Amazon Redshift, ClickHouse Cloud, Google BigQuery, MotherDuckThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, DuckDB, Serverless PostgresTwo alternatives
Amazon Redshift, MotherDuckPerplexity SonarGoogle BigQueryGoogle BigQueryHeldGoogle BigQuery, SnowflakeGoogle BigQueryagainst: Snowflakeno first choiceagainst: Amazon Redshift, ClickHouse Cloud or Firebolt, Databricks SQL, Google BigQuery, Microsoft Fabric or Azure Synapse, Snowflake
Six alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Databricks SQL, DuckDB, Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse, PostgreSQL, SnowflakeFour alternatives
Amazon Redshift, MotherDuck, PostgreSQL plus Metabase, SnowflakeThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, ClickHouse Cloud, Databricks SQLThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse, PostgreSQL plus MetabaseFive alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Databricks SQL, Google BigQuery, Microsoft Fabric / Synapse, SnowflakeGrok 4.20Google BigQueryagainst: ClickHouse Cloud, Databricks SQLGoogle BigQueryHeldagainst: Databricks SQLGoogle BigQueryagainst: Azure Synapse AnalyticsGoogle BigQueryagainst: SnowflakeGoogle BigQuery, Snowflakeagainst: Databricks SQL, Oracle, Teradata Vantageagainst: Amazon Redshift, Azure Synapse Analytics, Databricks SQL, Google BigQuery, Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse, SAP HANA, Snowflake
Three alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse, SnowflakeTwo alternatives
Amazon Redshift, SnowflakeThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Databricks SQL, SnowflakeThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Microsoft Fabric or Azure Synapse, Self-managed PostgresTwo alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Microsoft Fabric Data WarehouseMistral SmallGoogle BigQueryGoogle BigQueryHeldGoogle BigQuery, Snowflakeagainst: Amazon RedshiftGoogle BigQueryagainst: Amazon Redshift, SnowflakeAmazon Redshift, Snowflakeagainst: Amazon Redshift, Google BigQuery, Snowflake
Two alternatives
Amazon Redshift, SnowflakeTwo alternatives
Amazon Redshift, SnowflakeOne alternative
Databricks SQLThree alternatives
ClickHouse Cloud, Firebolt, Google BigQueryDeepSeek V4 FlashGoogle BigQueryagainst: Amazon RedshiftGoogle BigQueryHeldagainst: SnowflakeGoogle BigQueryGoogle BigQuery, MotherDuckagainst: Databricks SQL, SnowflakeGoogle BigQuery, Snowflakeagainst: ClickHouse Cloudagainst: Amazon Redshift, Azure Synapse Analytics, Google BigQuery, IBM Db2 Warehouse, Snowflake, Teradata Vantage
One alternative
SnowflakeThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, DuckDB, MotherDuckFour alternatives
Amazon Redshift, ClickHouse Cloud, MotherDuck, SnowflakeTwo alternatives
Amazon Redshift, ClickHouse CloudThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Azure Synapse Analytics, Microsoft Fabric Data WarehouseLlama 4 MaverickGoogle BigQueryagainst: Amazon Redshift, SnowflakeGoogle BigQueryHeldGoogle BigQueryGoogle BigQueryno first choiceagainst: Amazon Redshift, Azure Synapse Analytics
Three alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Mozart Data, SnowflakeThree alternatives
Azure Data Lake Analytics, Databricks SQL, SnowflakeTwo alternatives
Azure Data Lake Analytics, Databricks SQLQwen 3.7 FlashSnowflakeGoogle BigQueryChangedGoogle BigQueryGoogle BigQueryagainst: Snowflakeno first choiceagainst: Amazon Redshift, Databricks SQL, Delta Lake, Pivotal HD / Cloudera CDP, Snowflake, Teradata Vantage
Two alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Google BigQueryThree alternatives
Fivetran, Snowflake, StitchSix alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Databricks SQL, Firebolt, Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse, Snowflake, TinybirdOne alternative
Amazon RedshiftKimi K2Google BigQueryGoogle BigQueryHeldMotherDuckGoogle BigQueryagainst: SnowflakeSnowflakeagainst: Azure Synapse Analytics, Databricks SQLagainst: Amazon Redshift, Databricks SQL, Google BigQuery, Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse, Snowflake
Two alternatives
Amazon Redshift, SnowflakeThree alternatives
ClickHouse Cloud, Firebolt, SnowflakeThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Google BigQuery, SnowflakeTwo alternatives
Amazon Redshift, MotherDuckTwo alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Google BigQueryGLM 4.7 FlashXGoogle BigQuery, Snowflakeagainst: ClickHouse Cloud, Databricks SQL, MotherDuckGoogle BigQueryChangedagainst: DuckDB, MotherDuck, SnowflakeGoogle BigQuery, SnowflakeGoogle BigQueryno first choiceagainst: Amazon Redshift, ClickHouse Cloud, Databricks SQL, Google BigQuery, Matillion, Snowflake
One alternative
Amazon RedshiftOne alternative
Amazon RedshiftTwo alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Databricks SQLThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, MotherDuck, PostgreSQLMiniMax M2.5Google BigQueryGoogle BigQueryHeldGoogle BigQueryGoogle BigQueryno first choiceagainst: Amazon Redshift, Google BigQuery, Snowflake
Three alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Azure Synapse Analytics, SnowflakeTwo alternatives
Amazon Redshift, SnowflakeThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, ClickHouse Cloud, SnowflakeThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Azure Synapse Analytics, SnowflakeGPT-6 LunaGoogle BigQueryGoogle BigQueryHeldGoogle BigQueryagainst: Databricks SQLGoogle BigQueryno first choiceagainst: Amazon Redshift, Databricks SQL, Google BigQuery, Snowflake
Three alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse, SnowflakeTwo alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Microsoft Fabric Data WarehouseThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse, SnowflakeTwo alternatives
Amazon Redshift, ClickHouse CloudFour alternatives
Amazon Redshift, Databricks SQL, Google BigQuery, SnowflakeMuse Glimmer 30BGoogle BigQuerySnowflakeChangedGoogle BigQuery, SnowflakeClickHouse Cloud, DuckDBno first choiceagainst: Amazon Redshift, Amazon Redshift Provisioned, BigQuery On-Demand, Databricks SQL, Snowflake
Four alternatives
Amazon Redshift, ClickHouse Cloud, Snowflake, TinybirdTwo alternatives
Google BigQuery, Mozart DataThree alternatives
Amazon Redshift, ClickHouse Cloud, Databricks SQLTwo alternatives
Google BigQuery on-demand, MotherDuckBold is the first choiceAlternatives are counted; the count opens them.What the answer argued against
The record
One row per call: the version string exactly as returned, whether the model searched, sources cited, and latency.
Eighty-four rows: every prompt, every model, every answer.
| Prompt | Model | Version string | Time (UTC) | Searched | Sources | Latency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Direct recommendation | Claude Haiku 4.5 | claude-haiku-4-5-20251001 | 2026-11-01 14:20 | no | 0 | 5 s |
| Direct recommendation | GPT-5.4 mini | gpt-5.4-mini-2026-03-17 | 2026-11-01 18:28 | yes | 3 | 8 s |
| Direct recommendation | Gemini 3.5 Flash | gemini-3.6-flash (asked for gemini-3.5-flash; the API answered as this version) | 2026-11-01 18:56 | no | 0 | 11 s |
| Direct recommendation | Perplexity Sonar | sonar | 2026-11-01 08:47 | yes | 10 | 4 s |
| Direct recommendation | Grok 4.20 | spacexai/grok-4.20-non-reasoning via xai | 2026-11-01 16:18 | yes | 5 | 11 s |
| Direct recommendation | Mistral Small | mistral/mistral-small via mistral | 2026-11-01 17:28 | yes | 5 | 3 s |
| Direct recommendation | DeepSeek V4 Flash | deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash via deepinfra | 2026-11-01 13:40 | yes | 23 | 27 s |
| Direct recommendation | Llama 4 Maverick | meta/llama-4-maverick via bedrock | 2026-11-01 10:43 | yes | 5 | 2 s |
| Direct recommendation | Qwen 3.7 Flash | alibaba/qwen3.7-flash via alibaba | 2026-11-01 16:41 | no | 0 | 27 s |
| Direct recommendation | Kimi K2 | moonshotai/kimi-k2 via novita | 2026-11-01 12:05 | yes | 10 | 16 s |
| Direct recommendation | GLM 4.7 FlashX | zai/glm-4.7-flashx via zai | 2026-11-01 19:02 | yes | 14 | 45 s |
| Direct recommendation | MiniMax M2.5 | minimax/minimax-m2.5 via minimax | 2026-11-01 17:50 | yes | 7 | 35 s |
| Direct recommendation | GPT-6 Luna | gpt-6-luna | 2026-11-01 14:45 | yes | 4 | 14 s |
| Direct recommendation | Muse Glimmer 30B | meta/muse-glimmer-30b via togetherai | 2026-11-01 12:09 | yes | 13 | 21 s |
| Paraphrase | Claude Haiku 4.5 | claude-haiku-4-5-20251001 | 2026-11-01 14:29 | no | 0 | 5 s |
| Paraphrase | GPT-5.4 mini | gpt-5.4-mini-2026-03-17 | 2026-11-01 11:18 | yes | 3 | 4 s |
| Paraphrase | Gemini 3.5 Flash | gemini-3.6-flash (asked for gemini-3.5-flash; the API answered as this version) | 2026-11-01 14:11 | no | 0 | 18 s |
| Paraphrase | Perplexity Sonar | sonar | 2026-11-01 16:33 | yes | 10 | 4 s |
| Paraphrase | Grok 4.20 | spacexai/grok-4.20-non-reasoning via xai | 2026-11-01 16:16 | yes | 5 | 9 s |
| Paraphrase | Mistral Small | mistral/mistral-small via mistral | 2026-11-01 14:29 | yes | 5 | 4 s |
| Paraphrase | DeepSeek V4 Flash | deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash via deepinfra | 2026-11-01 15:50 | yes | 21 | 20 s |
| Paraphrase | Llama 4 Maverick | meta/llama-4-maverick via bedrock | 2026-11-01 18:00 | yes | 5 | 2 s |
| Paraphrase | Qwen 3.7 Flash | alibaba/qwen3.7-flash via alibaba | 2026-11-01 17:19 | yes | 15 | 45 s |
| Paraphrase | Kimi K2 | moonshotai/kimi-k2 via novita | 2026-11-01 08:41 | yes | 13 | 36 s |
| Paraphrase | GLM 4.7 FlashX | zai/glm-4.7-flashx via zai | 2026-11-01 09:44 | yes | 14 | 19 s |
| Paraphrase | MiniMax M2.5 | minimax/minimax-m2.5 via minimax | 2026-11-01 16:13 | yes | 15 | 32 s |
| Paraphrase | GPT-6 Luna | gpt-6-luna | 2026-11-01 17:59 | yes | 3 | 7 s |
| Paraphrase | Muse Glimmer 30B | meta/muse-glimmer-30b via togetherai | 2026-11-01 14:56 | yes | 8 | 18 s |
| Comparative | Claude Haiku 4.5 | claude-haiku-4-5-20251001 | 2026-11-01 16:03 | yes | 9 | 8 s |
| Comparative | GPT-5.4 mini | gpt-5.4-mini-2026-03-17 | 2026-11-01 17:43 | yes | 4 | 6 s |
| Comparative | Gemini 3.5 Flash | gemini-3.6-flash (asked for gemini-3.5-flash; the API answered as this version) | 2026-11-01 09:48 | no | 0 | 15 s |
| Comparative | Perplexity Sonar | sonar | 2026-11-01 19:28 | yes | 10 | 5 s |
| Comparative | Grok 4.20 | spacexai/grok-4.20-non-reasoning via xai | 2026-11-01 18:45 | yes | 10 | 14 s |
| Comparative | Mistral Small | mistral/mistral-small via mistral | 2026-11-01 10:37 | yes | 10 | 10 s |
| Comparative | DeepSeek V4 Flash | deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash via deepinfra | 2026-11-01 14:57 | yes | 25 | 39 s |
| Comparative | Llama 4 Maverick | meta/llama-4-maverick via bedrock | 2026-11-01 12:26 | yes | 5 | 3 s |
| Comparative | Qwen 3.7 Flash | alibaba/qwen3.7-flash via alibaba | 2026-11-01 11:37 | yes | 5 | 34 s |
| Comparative | Kimi K2 | moonshotai/kimi-k2 via novita | 2026-11-01 16:27 | yes | 15 | 27 s |
| Comparative | GLM 4.7 FlashX | zai/glm-4.7-flashx via zai | 2026-11-01 18:36 | yes | 13 | 58 s |
| Comparative | MiniMax M2.5 | minimax/minimax-m2.5 via minimax | 2026-11-01 15:13 | yes | 10 | 19 s |
| Comparative | GPT-6 Luna | gpt-6-luna | 2026-11-01 18:22 | yes | 5 | 16 s |
| Comparative | Muse Glimmer 30B | meta/muse-glimmer-30b via togetherai | 2026-11-01 11:02 | yes | 14 | 29 s |
| Budget constrained | Claude Haiku 4.5 | claude-haiku-4-5-20251001 | 2026-11-01 16:32 | no | 0 | 5 s |
| Budget constrained | GPT-5.4 mini | gpt-5.4-mini-2026-03-17 | 2026-11-01 16:51 | yes | 4 | 5 s |
| Budget constrained | Gemini 3.5 Flash | gemini-3.6-flash (asked for gemini-3.5-flash; the API answered as this version) | 2026-11-01 13:14 | no | 0 | 17 s |
| Budget constrained | Perplexity Sonar | sonar | 2026-11-01 11:19 | yes | 10 | 3 s |
| Budget constrained | Grok 4.20 | spacexai/grok-4.20-non-reasoning via xai | 2026-11-01 16:54 | yes | 5 | 9 s |
| Budget constrained | Mistral Small | mistral/mistral-small via mistral | 2026-11-01 08:47 | yes | 5 | 3 s |
| Budget constrained | DeepSeek V4 Flash | deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash via deepinfra | 2026-11-01 11:31 | yes | 25 | 26 s |
| Budget constrained | Llama 4 Maverick | meta/llama-4-maverick via bedrock | 2026-11-01 09:05 | yes | 5 | 2 s |
| Budget constrained | Qwen 3.7 Flash | alibaba/qwen3.7-flash via alibaba | 2026-11-01 08:52 | yes | 5 | 29 s |
| Budget constrained | Kimi K2 | moonshotai/kimi-k2 via novita | 2026-11-01 17:50 | yes | 15 | 52 s |
| Budget constrained | GLM 4.7 FlashX | zai/glm-4.7-flashx via zai | 2026-11-01 19:04 | yes | 15 | 47 s |
| Budget constrained | MiniMax M2.5 | minimax/minimax-m2.5 via minimax | 2026-11-01 17:42 | yes | 5 | 18 s |
| Budget constrained | GPT-6 Luna | gpt-6-luna | 2026-11-01 16:28 | yes | 4 | 8 s |
| Budget constrained | Muse Glimmer 30B | meta/muse-glimmer-30b via togetherai | 2026-11-01 17:12 | yes | 13 | 20 s |
| Scale constrained | Claude Haiku 4.5 | claude-haiku-4-5-20251001 | 2026-11-01 13:32 | no | 0 | 5 s |
| Scale constrained | GPT-5.4 mini | gpt-5.4-mini-2026-03-17 | 2026-11-01 11:32 | no | 0 | 6 s |
| Scale constrained | Gemini 3.5 Flash | gemini-3.6-flash (asked for gemini-3.5-flash; the API answered as this version) | 2026-11-01 12:18 | no | 0 | 15 s |
| Scale constrained | Perplexity Sonar | sonar | 2026-11-01 12:35 | yes | 10 | 7 s |
| Scale constrained | Grok 4.20 | spacexai/grok-4.20-non-reasoning via xai | 2026-11-01 16:16 | yes | 5 | 16 s |
| Scale constrained | Mistral Small | mistral/mistral-small via mistral | 2026-11-01 09:13 | no | 0 | 8 s |
| Scale constrained | DeepSeek V4 Flash | deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash via deepinfra | 2026-11-01 12:48 | yes | 19 | 25 s |
| Scale constrained | Llama 4 Maverick | meta/llama-4-maverick via bedrock | 2026-11-01 14:50 | yes | 5 | 3 s |
| Scale constrained | Qwen 3.7 Flash | alibaba/qwen3.7-flash via alibaba | 2026-11-01 15:47 | no | 0 | 28 s |
| Scale constrained | Kimi K2 | moonshotai/kimi-k2 via novita | 2026-11-01 13:44 | yes | 5 | 60 s |
| Scale constrained | GLM 4.7 FlashX | zai/glm-4.7-flashx via zai | 2026-11-01 13:44 | yes | 15 | 86 s |
| Scale constrained | MiniMax M2.5 | minimax/minimax-m2.5 via minimax | 2026-11-01 11:58 | no | 0 | 63 s |
| Scale constrained | GPT-6 Luna | gpt-6-luna | 2026-11-01 09:29 | yes | 5 | 17 s |
| Scale constrained | Muse Glimmer 30B | meta/muse-glimmer-30b via togetherai | 2026-11-01 13:38 | no | 0 | 3 s |
| Negative framing | Claude Haiku 4.5 | claude-haiku-4-5-20251001 | 2026-11-01 14:46 | yes | 18 | 10 s |
| Negative framing | GPT-5.4 mini | gpt-5.4-mini-2026-03-17 | 2026-11-01 14:13 | yes | 4 | 7 s |
| Negative framing | Gemini 3.5 Flash | gemini-3.6-flash (asked for gemini-3.5-flash; the API answered as this version) | 2026-11-01 09:45 | no | 0 | 17 s |
| Negative framing | Perplexity Sonar | sonar | 2026-11-01 13:14 | yes | 10 | 4 s |
| Negative framing | Grok 4.20 | spacexai/grok-4.20-non-reasoning via xai | 2026-11-01 17:29 | yes | 14 | 14 s |
| Negative framing | Mistral Small | mistral/mistral-small via mistral | 2026-11-01 09:24 | yes | 5 | 4 s |
| Negative framing | DeepSeek V4 Flash | deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash via deepinfra | 2026-11-01 16:50 | yes | 24 | 55 s |
| Negative framing | Llama 4 Maverick | meta/llama-4-maverick via bedrock | 2026-11-01 13:59 | yes | 5 | 3 s |
| Negative framing | Qwen 3.7 Flash | alibaba/qwen3.7-flash via alibaba | 2026-11-01 17:56 | no | 0 | 30 s |
| Negative framing | Kimi K2 | moonshotai/kimi-k2 via novita | 2026-11-01 09:03 | yes | 20 | 43 s |
| Negative framing | GLM 4.7 FlashX | zai/glm-4.7-flashx via zai | 2026-11-01 16:34 | yes | 18 | 27 s |
| Negative framing | MiniMax M2.5 | minimax/minimax-m2.5 via minimax | 2026-11-01 10:05 | yes | 5 | 25 s |
| Negative framing | GPT-6 Luna | gpt-6-luna | 2026-11-01 17:17 | yes | 4 | 15 s |
| Negative framing | Muse Glimmer 30B | meta/muse-glimmer-30b via togetherai | 2026-11-01 19:45 | yes | 23 | 26 s |
Normalization in this category
Every judgment call made between the raw labels and the numbers above, listed so it is visible and reversible.
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Category-scoped readings
Azure Synapse read as Azure Synapse Analytics
Azure Synapse (Microsoft) read as Azure Synapse Analytics
Databricks read as Databricks SQL
Databricks (Lakehouse / Delta Lake) read as Databricks SQL
Databricks (Lakehouse) read as Databricks SQL
Databricks SQL / Lakehouse read as Databricks SQL
Microsoft Fabric read as Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse
Microsoft Fabric (or Azure Synapse) read as Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse
Microsoft Fabric (with Synapse) read as Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse
Microsoft Fabric Warehouse read as Microsoft Fabric Data Warehouse
Teradata read as Teradata Vantage
Unresolved, counted raw
Amazon Redshift Provisioned
Amazon Redshift Spectrum
Apache Iceberg
BigQuery On-Demand
ClickHouse Cloud or Firebolt
Databricks SQL warehouses
Delta Lake
Google BigQuery on-demand
Pivotal HD / Cloudera CDP
Postgres with Timescale
SQL DB
Self-managed Postgres (e.g., on AWS RDS, Supabase, or Neon)
Serverless Postgres (e.g., Neon or Supabase)
hosted PostgreSQL
managed Postgres
Discontinued, still offered
No shut-down product was recommended here.