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Vector databases · November 2026 Edition

pgvector vs Milvus

Five of fourteen models named pgvector first on the direct prompt; zero named Milvus. Both were named by all fourteen models and pgvector carries 73 labels and Milvus 43, so the shares are not directly comparable.

pgvector

endorsed leader

Named in one category this edition.

Milvus

accepted challenger

Named in one category this edition.

First-choice share34%2%Of first choices across the direct, paraphrase, budget and scale prompts, 0 to 100.
Negative rate8%19%Negative labels as a share of the product's labels, 0 to 100.
Rank in category#2#5A position in a field of 11; printed, not drawn.
Labels7343A count; the two differ.
The two percentage rows are drawn on one 0 to 100 track, pgvector reading right to left. Rank and label count are printed, not drawn.Qdrant was named alongside these two in fourteen of the fourteen direct answers. Qdrant vs pgvector · Qdrant vs Milvus · pgvector vs Pinecone

Share is the count of first choices across the direct, paraphrase, budget and scale prompts over all fourteen models, for a mid-market B2B company; rank is within the category; every quote names the model and the prompt it came from. Both figures come from the vector databases page.

By framing

How many of the fourteen models made each the first choice, per way of asking, and how many argued against it.
pgvectorFirst choices, of fourteen modelsMilvus
Direct50
Paraphrase20
Comparative00
Budget-constrained1103 against Milvus
Scale-constrained11
Negative206 against pgvector · 5 against Milvus
Bars are first choices, 0 to 14 each sideModels that argued againstA model can name both, so the two sides of a row do not sum to fourteen.

Across every category in the November 2026 Edition, pgvector and Milvus were named in the same answer eighty-eight times, of the 192 answers naming pgvector and the 114 naming Milvus. In those answers Milvus took the first choice four times and pgvector twenty-four.

Every model, every framing

The eighty-four answers behind the chart above, one cell each: where pgvector and Milvus stood in it.
ModelDirectParaphraseComparativeBudget-constrainedScale-constrainedNegative
Claude Haiku 4.5
GPT-5.4 mini
Gemini 3.5 Flash
Perplexity Sonar
Grok 4.20
Mistral Small
DeepSeek V4 Flash
Llama 4 Maverick
Qwen 3.7 Flash
Kimi K2
GLM 4.7 FlashX
MiniMax M2.5
GPT-6 Luna
Muse Glimmer 30B
pgvector Milvus first choice named as an alternative argued againstblank: not namedEach cell is one answer, pgvector on the left and Milvus on the right.

The direct prompt

The plain question, one answer per model, grouped by where pgvector and Milvus stood in it.

pgvector first, Milvus an alternative

5 of 14 modelsMilvus was named in the answer but not as the choice, or not at all.
Perplexity Sonarpgvector alternatives: Pinecone, Qdrant
DeepSeek V4 Flashpgvector alternatives: Pinecone, Qdrant
Qwen 3.7 Flashpgvector alternatives: Pinecone, Qdrant
Kimi K2pgvector alternatives: Pinecone, Qdrant
Muse Glimmer 30BPinecone, pgvector alternatives: Milvus, Qdrant, Weaviate

Neither was the first choice, one was named

9 of 14 modelsThe answer put something else first and named one of the two as an alternative.
Claude Haiku 4.5Qdrant alternatives: MongoDB Atlas Vector Search, Pinecone, Weaviate, pgvector
GPT-5.4 miniPinecone alternatives: Qdrant, Weaviate, pgvector
Gemini 3.5 FlashPinecone, Qdrant alternatives: Weaviate, pgvector
Grok 4.20Qdrant alternatives: Pinecone, Weaviate, pgvector
Mistral SmallPinecone alternatives: Qdrant, Weaviate, pgvector
Llama 4 MaverickQdrant alternatives: Pinecone, Weaviate, pgvector
GLM 4.7 FlashXPinecone alternatives: Milvus, Qdrant, Weaviate
MiniMax M2.5Qdrant, Weaviate alternatives: Milvus, Pinecone, pgvector
GPT-6 LunaQdrant alternatives: Pinecone, pgvector

Bold names in an answer are the products the judge labeled a first choice; a model naming several gives each of them that label. The full answer text for every row is in the record.

By buyer segment

The same question asked on behalf of a different buyer. Each standing is computed within its segment and they are never added together. The figures above are the mid-market standing, which is the one the category orders by.
Small business
pgvector leads by thirty-three points.
pgvector35%#1 of 9
Milvus1%#6 of 9
The full small business standing →
Mid-marketThe figures above
pgvector leads by thirty-two points.
pgvector34%#2 of 11
Milvus2%#5 of 11
The full mid-market standing →
Enterprise
Level: the same share of first choices.
pgvector7%#4 of 13
Milvus7%#5 of 13
The full enterprise standing →

What the models said about pgvector

Every negative label with a quote, up to three, then the highest-weighted positives, up to three. Six of eight in this category shown.

“pgvector does not natively support GPU acceleration or disk-optimized indexes, and at billion-scale workloads typically require more advanced sharding strategies” Claude Haiku 4.5 · negative prompt · soft negative
“Using vectors beside your application data in Postgres via pgvector is often the safest default until measured retrieval requirements force a dedicated engine.” Muse Glimmer 30B · negative prompt · soft negative
“pgvector for large, high-throughput workloads with selective filters or many tenants... approximate-index filtering can return too few results” GPT-6 Luna · negative prompt · soft negative
“the recommendation is to start with pgvector unless your scale, query patterns, or operational constraints provide specific evidence otherwise” Claude Haiku 4.5 · scale prompt · first choice
“Start simple: Use pgvector (in Postgres) or SQLite with vector extensions for most apps—it's battle-tested, avoids new tech debt” Grok 4.20 · negative prompt · first choice
“If your company already uses PostgreSQL for standard application data, pgvector is almost always the most cost-effective choice.” Gemini 3.5 Flash · budget prompt · first choice

What the models said about Milvus

Every negative label with a quote, up to three, then the highest-weighted positives, up to three. Six of eight in this category shown.

“Milvus for small or moderate workloads: ... it can require substantially more memory and operational complexity than lighter alternatives” Perplexity Sonar · negative prompt · soft negative
“If you need a more scalable, distributed solution later, but it's overkill for early stages.” GLM 4.7 FlashX · budget prompt · soft negative
“Handles massive scale (10B+ vectors) but higher memory use (up to 2.6GB in benchmarks)” Grok 4.20 · budget prompt · soft negative
“If you have a platform/DevOps team: Evaluate Milvus or Qdrant self-hosted for cost control at scale” Kimi K2 · scale prompt · first choice
“Open-source, battle-tested at scale (used by big tech), and offers managed cloud (Zilliz Cloud).” MiniMax M2.5 · direct prompt · alternative
“Expect a large distributed deployment or need extensive index choices? Evaluate Milvus.” GPT-6 Luna · comparative prompt · alternative
Also compared

Comparisons are drawn for the top eight products in each category, each against each. The output is the models' output; nothing here is a recommendation by the index.